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Empowering Women in Biomedical Engineering: A Departmental Pathway to Inclusion and Support
Alba Alfonso-Garcia,
Katjana Ehrlich,
Gerard Ariño-Estrada,
Hannah J. O’Toole,
Abigail L. Humphries,
Megan G. Villasenor,
Sharon Aviran, and
Eleonora Grandi
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 5: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Jun 10, 2024
Page Range: 136 – 146

I. INTRODUCTION The representation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields, including biophysics and biomedical engineering (BME), remains relatively low (<25%) in the United States and Europe ( 1 , 2 ). Studies highlight the need for initiatives to attract and retain more women in the field, aiming to address the gender imbalance and harness the diverse perspectives and talents of all genders ( 1 , 2 ). In recent years, BME has seen growing female enrollment at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. In 2021, women

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Fig 3; Pre- and post-event survey questions for participants of the Women+ in BME Lunch Series.
Alba Alfonso-Garcia,
Katjana Ehrlich,
Gerard Ariño-Estrada,
Hannah J. O’Toole,
Abigail L. Humphries,
Megan G. Villasenor,
Sharon Aviran, and
Eleonora Grandi
Fig 3
Fig 3

Pre- and post-event survey questions for participants of the Women+ in BME Lunch Series.


Alba Alfonso-Garcia,
Katjana Ehrlich,
Gerard Ariño-Estrada,
Hannah J. O’Toole,
Abigail L. Humphries,
Megan G. Villasenor,
Sharon Aviran, and
Eleonora Grandi
Fig 4
Fig 4

Attendance chart to the Women+ in BME lunches during the five sessions in Spring 2023 held biweekly and the three monthly sessions in Fall 2023. Each session was dedicated to a topic of interest drawn from a brainstorming session during the first lunch.


Lucy Jiménez,
Liliane Costa Conteville,
Ivana Feldfeber,
Mercedes Garnham Didier,
Georgina Stegmayer,
Cristina Marino-Buslje, and
Ana Julia Velez Rueda
Article Category: Brief Report
Volume/Issue: Volume 2: Issue 3
Online Publication Date: Aug 11, 2021
Page Range: 99 – 102

Introduction Many efforts have been made to bridge the gender gaps in science and technology, but disparities still persist within academic, scientific, and technologic fields ( 1 , 2 ). The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) surveys conducted in June 2019 show that women represent only 30% of the population of researchers globally ( 3 ). Going deeper into the analysis, women are restricted in access to decision-making positions, even in countries in which the participation of women in science is

Alba Alfonso-Garcia,
Katjana Ehrlich,
Gerard Ariño-Estrada,
Hannah J. O’Toole,
Abigail L. Humphries,
Megan G. Villasenor,
Sharon Aviran, and
Eleonora Grandi
Fig 2
Fig 2

Summary of the experiences provided at the sessions, and pathways and specific implementations suggested during the lunch discussions.


Alba Alfonso-Garcia,
Katjana Ehrlich,
Gerard Ariño-Estrada,
Hannah J. O’Toole,
Abigail L. Humphries,
Megan G. Villasenor,
Sharon Aviran, and
Eleonora Grandi
Fig 1
Fig 1

Demographics of the BME community climate surveys independently given to faculty and staff and graduate and undergraduate students in 2021.


Cooper J Galvin,
Katherine N. Liu,
Andrew S. Kennard,
Sahil K. Tembulkar,
Alexander Dunlap,
Tao A. G. Large,
Thao Pham,
Derek Le,
Aurora Alvarez-Buylla,
Helen Nguyen,
Ezequiel Ponce,
Sophia Tran,
Nikki Nguyen,
Christina Ngo,
Christina Tran,
Gabriela Huynh,
Patrick Allamandola, and
Zev Bryant
Article Category: Brief Report
Volume/Issue: Volume 2: Issue 1
Online Publication Date: Feb 17, 2021
Page Range: 6 – 11

. Women and Minorities in STEM Booster Act of 2016, 4803, House of Representatives, 114th Congress (2016) . https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th-congress/house-bill/4803

Candice M. Etson,
Kirsten F. Block,
Michael D. Burton,
Ashanti Edwards,
Sonia C. Flores,
Catherine Fry,
Ashley N. Guillory,
Susan L. Ingram,
Richard McGee,
Deborah L. Neely-Fisher,
Stephanie Paxson,
Laura Phelan,
Clara Primus,
Kirsta Suggs,
Leticia R. Vega,
Elizabeth Vuong,
Latanya Hammonds-Odie,
Michael J. Leibowitz,
MariaElena Zavala,
J. Luis Lujan,
Marina Ramirez-Alvarado, and
Verónica A. Segarra
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 3: Issue 1
Online Publication Date: Oct 21, 2021
Page Range: 64 – 70

) supports applications from URM students and postdoctoral fellows, while the Committee for Professional Opportunities for Women funds applications from female postdoctoral fellows and midcareer scientists. The Education Committee supports applications from all students and postdoctoral fellows, while the International Relations Committee specifically funds applications from scientists working outside of the United States. In addition, the Membership Committee offers bridging funds travel grants to all regular members of the society, including independent investigators

T. Sedighi,
T. Radu,
Q. F. Ashraf,
B. Kumar,
E. J. Quilates,
R. Rahmatullah, and
J. N. Milstein
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 4: Issue 2
Online Publication Date: Dec 07, 2023
Page Range: 89 – 102

with the scientific relevance to pharmaceutical research and entrepreneurship were clearly emphasized. Of the 25 students admitted, all expressed an interest in attending graduate school. We queried participants for their preferred graduate program with the top choices being either biochemistry/chemistry, biology (any field), or physics (indicated by 13, 6, and 4 students, respectively). Over half the participants self-identified as women. These numbers correlated with undergraduate degree in the application pool (unexpectedly, we attracted a lot of interest

Patricia Soto,
Ashley R. Carter,
Christos Deligkaris,
Duygucan Gül,
Kambiz M. Hamadani,
Jefferson Knight,
Daumantas Matulis,
Tugba N. Ozturk,
Yadilette Rivera-Colón, and
Elizabeth A. Yates
Article Category: Research Article
Volume/Issue: Volume 3: Issue 1
Online Publication Date: Mar 11, 2022
Page Range: 75 – 84

. Kibbe, M. R. 2020 . Consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic on manuscript submissions by women . JAMA Surg 155 : 803 – 804 . 44. Flaherty, C. 2020 . No room of one's own. Accessed 22 June 2021. https://www.insidehighered.com . 45. National Science Foundation . 2021 . Developing hands-on virtual reality